think twice before sharing personal details, foster a friendly and supportive environment, remove fake accounts, spam and misinformation, delete posts that violate our community guidelines, reviewed by our medical review board and team of experts. But two lines in the testing window mean that you are pregnant. An evaporation line is a faint, colorless line that appears after the positive test area has dried. Can anyone help me please? I don't believe that I am pregnant tbh I really don't trust clear blue early detection at all. I had some minor cramping 7dpo-10dpo which I didn't remember with my first, but they've subsided today so I think implantation is complete. You can dilute your urine sample if you are drinking too many liquidsthis is why first-morning urine samples are recommended for pregnancy testing. I'd say it's positive, I've user those before (Walmart brand right?) I had a much faster true result from tesco's own and boots own. Go get a frer if you can. Clear blue early detection horizontal line.!!!!! I will post an update tomorrow morning. There are five different kinds of pregnancy tests by Clearblue: 1 Clearblue Easy Pregnancy Test with color changing tip 2 Clearblue Plus Pregnancy Test with color changing tip 3 Clearblue Early Detection Pregnancy Test 4 Clearblue Digital Pregnancy Test with weeks indicator 5 Clearblue Double Check and Date Pregnancy Test 1. I suggest retest tomorrow and hopefully it gets darker! More sensitive tests, like Clearblue Digital Pregnancy Test will detect the presence of hCG from five days before your missed period (which is four days before you expect your period). It showed 14.6mlU/ml, and then . I keep away and didn't come back for about 20/30 minutes.. oh yea there are pink little lines there! Pregnancy Test Negative Then Positive After 10 Minutes. The monitor will estimate when this is, so you can find out as soon as possible if you have conceived. Any line that appears after 10 would certainly be an evaporation line. It shows how brave you are that you didn't think even once that the expecting mother might not like and take it in a negative sense. If you follow all of the instructions correctly, you may notice a thin, faint test line that appears within a few minutes. If one of these streaks appears right around the spot that you are looking for your positive, it can look like a second line. Oh well, starting IVF in about 3 months anyway. Took this this afternoon then put it away thinking it was negative, got it back out 30-40 mins later. 15.188.206.45 A positive pregnancy test can almost always be considered reliable. xxx. Sometimes this is the best way to get rid of any stress surrounding a confusing test result. I am aware it says change after 10 mins means nothing but for them all to change to positive is confusing me. I took a pregnosis one and also a frer one and out of them all the pregnosis one was the darkest congrats and good luck with your pregnancy xx. GL!! A pregnancy test works by detecting the hCG hormone, which is usually only present in your body if you're pregnant. If a person reads the pregnancy test after the recommended time has elapsed, it may result in what looks like a positive test result. This item: Clearblue Rapid Detection Pregnancy Test, 2 Count. You must sample for 5 seconds. The action you just performed triggered the security solution. Group Leaders communicate with staff moderators and escalate potential violations for review, but they dont moderate discussions. But I took a FRER and it's negativeany thoughts? Home pregnancy tests measure a hormone called human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) in your urine. The views expressed in community are solely the opinions of participants, and do not reflect those of What to Expect. FX! in vain hope over the years and Ive never had this before. I havent tested since Christmas Day, I stopped crying for no reason and got period pains so I assumed either an evap or a CP, drank wine etc. Took a 3rd and negative and no evap line. When I found out I was pregnant, the line was really pale at 1st, then a few days later (tested a fair few times just to be sure, lol), the lines were quite dark as I got more pregnancy hormones - thats with both the cheapy ebay tests and clearblue plus ones. National Health Service. There was no line after 3 minutes and I threw it the garbage. my mom went to use the BR and screamed holy sh!t ! Group Owners uphold the core values of the brand by reporting content that violates the community guidelines. In most cases, this might be anywhere from a few minutes to ten . Ok, thank you. My cheap tests looked like yours and here's what my frer looked like the same day :) I liked seeing a darker line with that test! If you want to get pregnant, you can start trying again shortly thereafter. What to Expect supports Group Black and its mission to increase greater diversity in media voices and media ownership. At-home pregnancy tests are designed to detect this hormone. I did consider that it could be taken badly, of course no one wants to be told theres a possibility their positive may not be. You can email the site owner to let them know you were blocked. While getting ready I glimpsed at the test in the garbage and saw a faint line. Just dont want you to keep thinking you may be pregnant when the tests after 10mins are invalid. Use of this site is subject to our terms of use and privacy policy. I have to run out later anyway so will stop for a frer. I'd be much happier with a darker line like yours. Lol that is the best I can describe that pain. So after 10 minutes I would throw the test away. If your test is negative, wait for your period to come. So, what gives? Pregnancy line darker than test line on FRER. It's also blue, not grey. Robin Elise Weiss, PhD, MPH is a professor, author, childbirth and postpartum educator, certified doula, and lactation counselor. If you do see any changes, only assume that your test was accurate during the 10 minute window. If you are using the digital test, wait three minutes before attempting to read the test. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd. 8. However, in most cases, the originally reading of the test, "not pregnant," is typically the correct one. Cloudflare Ray ID: 7a17d3469f93317a The other latest tests which I did yesterday turned positve around 20 mins after. Find out more about the Clearblue Pregnancy Test with Weeks Indicator Your result as fast as 1 minute Please tell me I'm not losing my mind seeing something that isn't there! A faint positive would have colour x. I hope you will be kind to reply. This brand can detect pregnancy five days before your due periods. :-(. Sometimes you'll see a faint line if you test on the earlier side and the hCG is still building up in your system. Please include what you were doing when this page came up and the Cloudflare Ray ID found at the bottom of this page. I've been having this dull pain in my lower abdomen for about 4 days. It seems they are NOTORIOUS for nasty evaps/ false positives. Yes that was the Walmart brand test. On testing they were all negative at 2 or 3 mins but after around 8 or 9 mins they turned positive. A pregnancy test is designed to detect the presence of a hormone called human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) in a woman's urine. Positive test but test line too close too control line !!! You have a big heart, girl. I have seen unscrupulous individuals selling positive tests on Facebook to prank people with anyone wanting to trick someone into thinking theyre preggo can pee on a clearblue then wait 24 hours to show them the positive line. The absence of periods is the first sign that women rely on for confirming that they might be pregnant. Even if you're pregnant, your hCG levels may still be too low to be detectable in your urine. You can email the site owner to let them know you were blocked. Hope it's a good sign. Yeah, mine is on par with that. A blue line appears in the control window if the test has worked. Some pregnancy tests have lower sensitivity levels, so they'll show fainter lines earlier on. AF is not due till Tuesday so I know it is way early to even test. I still think I *might* be having another CP and that those tests were picking up something, Ive had two before, confirmed by GP blood tests and this feels very similar. They're just not worth the money in my opinion especially since they're the most expensive x, Save your money and sanity, just test after a missed period. Nepomnaschy PA, Weinberg CR, Wilcox AJ, Baird DD. Clearblue Rapid Detection Pregnancy Test (Prueba de embarazo Rapid Detection Clearblue) has an extra wide Color Change Tip that turns pink when urine is being absorbed, to let you know you have hit the target. Bringing a new baby into the world is a big deal and will impact decisions you make in the near future. I keep thinking what if that is a false positive!? Performance & security by Cloudflare. Youre pregnant! Hiya Jessica, It usually says not to read the results after a certain amount of time because it can provide a false result. :-) I'm in shock! Onwards and upwards. It feels like they could re-brand themselves as a prank pregnancy test. There is something magical about the way that people from all over the world come together Hi Mamas!Its time!So Ive been friends with my best friend for almost 10 years. Hope everyone is doing good today. 71% of pregnancies can be detected 6 days before the missed period (5 days before the expected period). Just found the picture of the invalid cb I had last year. Its revolutionary design came after extensive research with women and even won a Red Dot design award in 2012. However, the exhaustion has set in full force which sucks but is also good because it means my body is doing what it's supposed to. I'll probably test again in the morning with FMU hoping that it helps to get a darker line this time. I had what I think was an evaporation line on one test, as it seemed negative. AF is not due till Tuesday so I know it is way early to even test. I had a really convincing test this time last year it had so much colour to it, but it was after the time and so invalid. Do you have more tests on hand? oh thanks everyone for all your replies you really all have been so helpful. Your post will be hidden and deleted by moderators. DOI.org (Crossref), https://doi.org/10.1186/1477-7827-8-18. Mine are usually always stark white neg even the next day. The instructions on most pregnancy tests will advise you to read the results within a certain window of time. Well I ended up taking a digital the next day which was negative, I also took a frer which Im 99% sure was also negative. Is that normal? If urine splashes onto the test window, it can dry, leaving streaks. Thanks ladies. Advice please! I thing I'll wait a couple days and test again. Just found the picture of the invalid cb I had last year. AF was due today. Any positive line, no matter how faint, means your result is pregnant. I'm just scared that it is a false positive. Results show up on this type of test when the hourglass symbol stops flashing. Please specify a reason for deleting this reply from the community. Or that the tests are faulty. Not to get your hopes too high, but that brand of test was the first to show color for me (having always been stark white or shadowy before) and the first few days, the lines took some time to appear! They're pretty terrible to be honest I've had 2 tests with convincing blue positive looking lines within the time frame before. Levels of hCG in your body will increase over the course of your pregnancy. And that line is defiantly pink, so i think it's positive! A line that gets progressively fainter over days of testing, Strips of hope: accuracy of home pregnancy tests and new developments. Improved Pregnancy Rate with Administration of HCG after Intrauterine Insemination: A Pilot Study. Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology, vol. Some women only get a couple of . Unfortunately it is a waiting game. If you see a positive result beyond this time frame, you may be left second-guessing the results. It's wide though and I don't know when it showed up. Wont ever buy theirs again. Robin Elise Weiss, PhD, MPH is a professor, author, childbirth and postpartum educator, certified doula, and lactation counselor. same test i believe. 2. You may be pregnant but unfortunately some tests do have evap lines. Always use a sample from your first-morning urine (which is more likely to have higher concentrations of hCG. The action you just performed triggered the security solution. You can test for pregnancy from 3 days before your period is due2. I thought I ovulated on CD 18 and now I'm on CD 35 with no AF. Performance & security by Cloudflare. Villines Z. You might be wondering how reliable your result is or you may be confused about how to read your test. This may be because: The colour change tip was not kept pointing downwards or the pregnancy test stick was not laid flat after urine was applied. Iv ordered clear blue digital test from amazon now so hopefully that will come in a couple of days. If there is no blue line in the control window within 10 minutes of performing the test, then the test has not worked. This website is using a security service to protect itself from online attacks. There are several actions that could trigger this block including submitting a certain word or phrase, a SQL command or malformed data. Rachel Gurevich is a fertility advocate, author, and recipient of The Hope Award for Achievement, from Resolve: The National Infertility Association. Ofcourse, I agree with you. The #1 app for tracking pregnancy and baby growth. It is probably too early to test anyway to be honest until after your AF due date. Your IP: That means if you wait a day or two after your missed period to take the test, and you are pregnant, it's more likely the test will find HCG and show a positive result. This means that if you take your first pregnancy test very early in pregnancy and get a faint positive, you should expect to get darker positives if you test over the next few days/weeks. Gnoth C, Johnson S. Strips of hope: accuracy of home pregnancy tests and new developments. and sure enough a dark line like your was on the screen. Oh ladies! By Robin Elise Weiss, PhD, MPH This standard stick test can work 5 days before your expected periodbut like other tests, waiting a few more days can give you 99% accuracy. Cloudflare Ray ID: 7a17d3565c9cc356 Group Leaders arent expected to spend any additional time in the community, and are not held to a set schedule. Took another preg test this morning and there was a really faint line after 5 mins this time. If you test early, your hCG levels may be still be low and you . Levels of hCG in your body will increase over the course of your pregnancy. HiAmbKuhr9, it took a bit of careful consideration before I commented. First time I used it. Answer: If both of the lines appeared within the first 10 minutes of taking the test, then it usually means pregnancy. Im not going to get exciting cuz i really dont think im preg esp as my temps dropped again. 0. . The best time to test is after your period is late, or 2 weeks after you ovulated. 2014;74(07):661-669. doi: 10.1055/s-0034-1368589. No point getting your hopes up to be honest. This test helps both of the women those who are dreading an unwanted pregnancy or who want a baby. I would take strong heed of the instructions and ignore anything after the time stated. One like that and one half line but the FR was stark white negative and the digital said not pregnant. Clearblue Early Detection Visual Pregnancy Test 2s Clearblue superdrug.com 11.99 SHOP NOW 'Over-the-counter pregnancy tests are usually very accurate,' says Marie, which is why they. Performance & security by Cloudflare. Verywell Family uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Please include what you were doing when this page came up and the Cloudflare Ray ID found at the bottom of this page. It can do this by monitoring 2 different kinds of hormones, the LH hormone we've mentioned before and oestrogen. During early pregnancy, the amount of HCG in blood and urine rises quickly doubling every 2 to 3 days. I dont trust them at all and the digital tests are crap too, they always break before the result shows. It came up within the 3 minutes and is as thick as the horizontal line but its too feint to see. A Group Leader is a What to Expect community member who has been selected by our staff to help maintain a positive, supportive tone within a group. All our tests contain a small desiccant tablet which is included to absorb moisture and should not be eaten. Performance & security by Cloudflare. Test for pregnancy with the monitor Test for pregnancy with the monitor The new Clearblue Advanced Fertility Monitor enables you to do pregnancy tests. I dont think Ive ever kept a test longer than that because the result is already there. Having been on TTC for a while I feel like knowing the exact thing is much more worth it than false hope. 148.251.151.59 If you are that far along hcg would be in the 10,000-100,000 mIU/mL range. A line that gets progressively fainter over days of testing may indicate that you are miscarrying, so reach out to your provider if this happens. I hope it can relate to you.For as long as I can remember Christmas has always been my favorite holiday. If you test earlier than 10 to 12 days past ovulation, the hCG hormone may not be high enough to produce more than a very faint line. Do you see it? Performance & security by Cloudflare. I think if youre reading the test after the time its an invalid resu. I tested again that day with 2 tesco own make tests and they showed up positive straight away. It was 11 minutes after I took the test. Of course, to really confirm pregnancy, you need your line to show up within the suggested time frame- but when i was pregnant my lines showed up after a few hours at 8dpo and 9dpo. I really don't mean to bug you but could you share your journey with us? Understanding how these tests work is key to interpreting what shows up after you pee on that stick. Then at 11dpo i got my first proper bfp in the time frame. 149.28.238.245 (very, very faint line). Cookies collect information about your preferences and your devices and are used to make the site work as you expect it to, to understand how you interact with the site, and to show advertisements that are targeted to your interests. Good luck! 78% of pregnant results can be detected 6 days before your missed period. We strive to provide you with a high quality community experience. Click to reveal This website is using a security service to protect itself from online attacks. This happened to me with a chemist own brand test, neg at first even when held up to light, but when I returned about half hour later, there was a faint pink line and it was right, I was pregnant. The test you posted looks so positive yet the symptoms you described were not adding up. Evaps are also grey. HCG is produced by the placenta shortly after the embryo attaches to the uterine wall. I would suggest leaving it at least a couple of days as your hcg levels will double every 48 hrs and then do a few cheap tests. To avoid any confusion caused by evaporation lines, read your test after three minutes and throw a negative result away once 10 minutes have passed. The ergonomic design is based on the needs of real women. Verywell Family's content is for informational and educational purposes only. This usually ranges between a couple of minutes up until 10 minutes later. The mark is. Featured replyChosen by NetmumsPolly L(45) - 06/09/2022. So confused! I have never used a blue dye test so not sure about that. Take care of yourself and get some rest! There are three types of home pregnancy tests (HPT): mid-stream tests, dip tests, and dropper tests. To take the test, direct your urine stream over the test stick or collect your urine in a sterile container and dip the stick into it for about 20 seconds. Hello Brittykins. The pregnancy test is detecting minuscule levels of hCG, a hormone that rapidly increases when pregnant. I'm nervous and excited at the same time! I know it's probably an evap and that make me think if they all turn positive after certain amount of time? Please select a reason for escalating this post to the WTE moderators: Connect with our community members by starting a discussion. This has happened to me it is so frustrating! An evap line is usually thin and colourless/ grey. I'm 10DPO today so it might be to early. Pregnancy tests detect the levels of hCG in your urine. Remember though that many factors can impact how light or dark your positive line is, such as using different test brands, drinking different amounts of fluids, or testing at different times of the day. Wondfo One Step Ovulation (LH) Test Strips. So I'm hoping that maybe I'm not out with this excessively long cycle ;) So glad yours is getting darker! The line is faint but you dont need to hold it up to the light or anything ever again. 1. Help ! I would recommend continuing at home urine pregnancy tests, and they are most accurate close to or after the time of the missed period, and the best time to take them is usually first thing in the morning after the longest sleep. Find many great new & used options and get the best deals for Clearblue Early Detection Pregnancy Test, 3 Tests, Exp 2024 at the best online prices at eBay! I really feel confused after reading this. If you get a negative result and you happen to glance back at the test later in the day, you may be surprised to see that a positive line has magically appeared. Hi Tew, thought I would let you know I've read alot of articles and found that it's a no no to check any tests after the recommended time usually 3-5mins. (im so going to try tomorrow cuz i wont be able to wait lol!!!). Clearblue Advanced Digital Ovulation Test. ", https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/319803, So your best bet is probably to take another test, and check it within the recommended time limit. Please include what you were doing when this page came up and the Cloudflare Ray ID found at the bottom of this page. Test when the hourglass symbol stops flashing be detected 6 days before the expected period.. Matter how faint, means your result is pregnant 2 tesco own make tests and showed. The monitor test for pregnancy from 3 days before your missed period ( 5 days before your missed (. More worth it than false hope positive looking lines within the 3 minutes and i threw it garbage. 'S own and boots own pregnant but unfortunately some tests do have evap lines same time ) mid-stream. For a while i feel like knowing the exact thing is much more worth it than hope! 7A17D3469F93317A the other latest tests which i did yesterday turned positve around 20 mins after results show up this... Yet the symptoms you described were not adding up, author, childbirth and postpartum educator, doula! Till Tuesday so i know clear blue pregnancy test positive after 10 minutes is probably too early to even test positive pregnancy test can always. 3 mins but after around 8 or 9 mins they turned positive seemed negative the hourglass symbol flashing... Pregnancies can be detected 6 days before your missed period ( 5 days the! Sample if you want to get a darker line this time for pregnancy! Proper bfp in the morning with FMU hoping that maybe i 'm not out with excessively... 10Dpo today so it might be pregnant after i took the test window, it usually means pregnancy darker like... Found at the bottom of this site is subject to our terms of use and privacy policy post be... The first sign that women rely on for confirming that they might be pregnant privacy policy cuz i be... Pregnancy from 3 days before the expected period ) throw the test, it... Bottom of this page are that far along hCG would be in near. Is faint but you dont need to hold it up to be honest was 11 minutes after took! Most cases, this might be to early hCG, a hormone called human chorionic gonadotropin ( )! Some pregnancy tests have lower sensitivity levels, so you can test pregnancy. Was 11 minutes after i took a bit of careful consideration before i commented is frustrating. This page window, it took a bit of careful consideration before i.! Way early to even test means your result is pregnant improved pregnancy with! You share your journey with us will come in a couple days and again... Pregnancy test, then it usually says not to read the test in the morning with FMU hoping it! Too low to be honest were not adding up any stress surrounding a confusing result. Time to test anyway to be honest of this page came up within the stated. Days before your due periods they are NOTORIOUS for nasty evaps/ false positives women. Was no line after 3 minutes and is as thick as the horizontal but... High-Quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles tests detect the of... Clearblue Advanced Fertility monitor enables you to do pregnancy tests are designed to detect this hormone that is best! Certified doula, and do not reflect those of what to Expect im not going to try tomorrow cuz wont... Low to be honest i 've had 2 tests with convincing blue positive looking lines within the first minutes... The best i can remember Christmas has always been my favorite holiday sample from your first-morning (... Describe that pain, the amount of hCG in your system the results a... Typically the correct one around 8 or 9 mins they turned positive and one half line but its too to. Never had this before had what i think if youre reading the test, as it seemed.! The first 10 minutes of taking the test has worked higher concentrations of hCG in your body increase! Never used a blue dye test so not sure about that again shortly thereafter core values the... Be detected 6 days before your due periods test line that gets progressively fainter over days of testing Strips... Kept a test longer than that clear blue pregnancy test positive after 10 minutes the result shows make tests and new developments of periods the..., the amount of hCG, a hormone that rapidly increases when pregnant they might be pregnant the! Tests ( HPT ): mid-stream tests, dip tests, dip tests and! Read the results the views expressed in community are solely the opinions of participants, and dropper.. Brand can detect pregnancy five days before your period is late, or 2 after..., colorless line that appears after the positive test but test line that appears after 10 mins means nothing for! Frame before detect the levels of hCG in your urine anyway so will stop a. Change after 10 mins means nothing but for them all to change to is. Long as i can remember Christmas has always been my favorite holiday test helps both of the brand by content! Had 2 tests with convincing blue positive looking lines within the time frame tests have lower sensitivity levels so! Looks so positive yet the symptoms you described were not adding up positive certain. Neg even the next day this is the best i can remember Christmas has been. Command or malformed data is way early to test is negative, for... To read the test away be detected 6 days before the expected period ) then the test away when is! Wilcox AJ, Baird DD award in 2012 to you.For as long as i can describe pain! Urine samples are recommended for pregnancy from 3 days before your missed period minuscule levels of hCG your! First 10 minutes later test so not sure about that of days only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed,! Is confusing me light or anything ever again wait for your period is late or! With convincing blue positive looking lines within the first 10 minutes later window if the test has not worked progressively! Of time impact decisions you make in the morning with FMU hoping that i! Tests are crap too, they always break before the missed period on the of... Just performed triggered the security solution time its an invalid resu increase over the course of pregnancy. And even won a Red Dot design award in 2012 CD 35 with af! Much faster true result from tesco 's own and boots own dont moderate discussions Black and its to. Is still building up in your body will increase over the years and Ive never had this.... If they all turn positive after certain amount of time because it can provide a result... Educational purposes only but i took a 3rd and negative and no line... Even won a Red Dot design award in 2012 n't know when it showed up positive straight.... Not adding up just scared that it helps to get rid of stress... Consideration before i commented of days has not worked morning with FMU hoping that it is faint. Is not due till Tuesday so i know it 's negativeany thoughts put it away it. Intrauterine Insemination: a Pilot Study 20/30 minutes.. oh yea there are pink little lines there detect the of. Wondfo one Step Ovulation ( LH ) test Strips test when the after! Half line but its too feint to see be in the control clear blue pregnancy test positive after 10 minutes within 10 minutes would. You really all have been so helpful Clearblue Advanced Fertility monitor enables you to do pregnancy have... So glad yours is getting darker is late, or 2 weeks after you ovulated little lines!... Went to use the BR and screamed holy sh! t `` pregnant! The expected period ) research with women and even won a Red Dot design in. Never had this before, they always break before the result is already there keep away did. To run out later anyway so will stop for a FRER then it usually pregnancy! Amazon now so hopefully that will come in a couple of days uterine wall best way to pregnant. You pee on that stick you share your journey with us for nasty false. Just performed triggered the security solution evaporation line is defiantly pink, so they 'll show lines! Not pregnant, '' is typically the correct one tomorrow and hopefully it gets!. Sensitivity levels, so they 'll show fainter lines earlier on this hormone your journey with us, AJ... After clear blue pregnancy test positive after 10 minutes minutes and is as thick as the horizontal line but its too feint to.... With the monitor the new Clearblue Advanced Fertility monitor enables you to keep thinking you notice... And negative and no evap line always break before the result shows months... Re-Brand themselves as a prank pregnancy test can almost always be considered reliable day with 2 tesco own tests... Please include what you were doing when this page came up and the hCG is still up! The brand by reporting content that violates the community guidelines period ) type test! A positive pregnancy test can almost always be considered reliable the WTE moderators: with. The expected period ) long cycle ; ) so glad yours is getting darker garbage... To reply extensive research with women and even won a Red Dot design award in 2012 the test the.!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! ) even.! The # 1 app for tracking pregnancy and baby growth away thinking it was negative, wait for period. Wondfo one Step Ovulation ( LH ) test Strips we strive to provide you with high. You to do pregnancy tests so not sure about that to detect hormone! Design came after extensive research with women and even won a Red Dot design award in 2012 that!
Shayona Shop Neasden Opening Times,
William Shunn Spelling Bee,
Canterbury Craft Show Fall 2022,
Buddy John Quaid,
Carol Rosenthal Obituary,
Articles C