The restoration of unity among all Christians is one of the principal concerns of the Second Vatican Council. On 21 November 1964, the Second Vatican Council solemnly promulgated the Decree on Ecumenism, Unitatis Redintegratio. Yet they have retained a particularly close affinity with the Catholic Church as a result of the long centuries in which all Christendom lived together in ecclesiastical communion. Transferring this concept of unity to the ecumenical problem, the ecumenical unity to which we are aspiring means something more than a network of confessional Churches which, by entering into the communion of the Eucharist and of the pulpit, mutually recognize one another. D.H. Lawrence, Every moment is precious, even the ones behind me that I often reflect upon with a reserved smile. Lumen Gentium, nn. I do not intend to describe here the chequered movement leading up to Unitatis Redintegratio2 and eventually to abandoning the limited vision of the Post-Tridentine and Counter-Reformation Church, and to furthering not "modernism" but a return to the biblical, patristic and late mediaeval tradition which made possible a new and clearer understanding of the nature of the Church. Pope John Paul II has called for a fraternal dialogue on the future exercise of this ministry (cf. 14 In this regard, cf. DS 3921). When such actions are undertaken prudently and patiently by the Catholic faithful, with the attentive guidance of their bishops, they promote justice and truth, concord and collaboration, as well as the spirit of brotherly love and unity. 13 On the notion of "the structures of sin", cf. In this eschatological perspective, the ecumenical movement is closely connected to the missionary movement. Catholics, who already have a proper grounding, need to acquire a more adequate understanding of the respective doctrines of our separated brethren, their history, their spiritual and liturgical life, their religious psychology and general background. But the problems we encounter must not let us forget the rich fruit that it has yielded. The Church is wherever the Eucharist is celebrated. For the Gospel is the power of God for salvation to every one who has faith, to the Jew first and then to the Greek.[39]. The ecumenical movement is striving to overcome these obstacles. But the Council warns against polemics. Such theories of ecclesiological pluralism are in contradiction to the understanding of the proper identity which the Catholic Church as for also the Orthodox Churches has always had in the course of her Tradition, an understanding that the Second Vatican Council also chose to adopt. This movement toward unity is called ecumenical. Those belong to it who invoke the Triune God and confess Jesus as Lord and Savior, doing this not merely as individuals but also as corporate bodies. However, since these Churches and ecclesial Communities, on account of their different origins, and different teachings in matters of doctrine on the spiritual life, vary considerably not only with us, but also among themselves, the task of describing them at all adequately is extremely difficult; and we have no intention of making such an attempt here. Ecumenism and mission are like twins.3. Above all, prayer is the heart of the ecumenical movement (cf. However, they were in agreement over the fundamental structure, both Eucharistic-sacramental and episcopal. They derive their strength too from the living tradition of the apostles and from the works of the Fathers and spiritual writers of the Eastern Churches. 20 ff. Now that we have briefly set out the conditions for ecumenical action and the principles by which it is to be directed, we look with confidence to the future. The eschatological and pneumatological dynamic needed conceptual elucidation. 2, 18-19. 16. 3, Bologna, 1998, 277-365; vol. The Catholic principles of ecumenism spelled out by the Council and later by Pope John Paul II are clearly and unequivocally opposed to irenicism and relativism, which tend to trivialize everything (cf. : H. Petri, Die rmisch-katholische Kirche and die kumene, in: Handbuch der kumenik, vol. Peter T. King. Unitatis Redintegratio, nn. Since then 40 years have passed during which the Document has had unprecedented repercussions whose impact has been felt far beyond the Catholic Church. It includes conversion and renewal, without which there can be no ecumenism or dialogue, because ecumenism, rather than an exchange of ideas, is an exchange of gifts. The re-establishment of full communion implies that due attention be paid to the different factors that led to the separation (cf. This happens thanks to the concept of "communio". It's necessary. We rediscover this humble and realistic vision primarily in Lumen Gentium (n. 8), where the Council, by means of "subsistit in", not only makes room for elements of the Church outside her own visible structure, but also for members and structures of sin within the Church herself.13 The People of God also has sinners in its ranks, with the results that the Church's spiritual nature does not appear clearly to the separated brethren or the world, the Church shares responsibility for the existing divisions, and the growth of the Kingdom of God is delayed (cf. Already from the earliest times the Eastern Churches followed their own forms of ecclesiastical law and custom, which were sanctioned by the approval of the Fathers of the Church, of synods, and even of ecumenical councils. When comparing doctrines with one another, they should remember that in Catholic doctrine there exists a hierarchy of truths, since they vary in their relation to the fundamental Christian faith. However, many Christian communions present themselves to men as the true inheritors of Jesus Christ; all indeed profess to be followers of . 11, 52. However, many Christian communions present themselves to men as the true inheritors of Jesus Christ; all indeed profess to be followers of the Lord but differ in mind and go their different ways, as if Christ Himself were divided. II, Trent to Vatican /I, (ed. We believe that this unity subsists in the Catholic Church as something she can never lose, and we hope that it will continue to increase until the end of time. It would have been possible to formulate more clearly what it was the intention to express; but as regards the effective content, it is impossible to close one's eyes to the divergences that exist in the way in which the Church is conceived. All Rights Reserved. Sacrosanctum Concilium, n. 47; Lumen Gentium, nn. It is, of course, essential that the doctrine should be clearly presented in its entirety. Presbyterorum ordinis) Volume 5 (Gaudium et spes) Rediscovering Vatican II. A love and reverence of Sacred Scripture which might be described as devotion, leads our brethren to a constant meditative study of the sacred text. 2, 17-18, collato Mc. Council clearly makes ecumenism binding as the work of the Spirit. It is significant that the term "dialogue" is repeated like a refrain at the end of the various parts of this section of the Decree (cf. Lumen Gentium, nn. This clarification was provided by the Council in the Constitution on the Church with the much-discussed formula "subsistit in": the Church of Jesus Christ subsists in the Catholic Church (cf. Christ the Lord founded one Church and one Church only. 10. Given in Rome at St. Peter's, November 21, 1964. 16 The distinction is not yet clearly made in the terminology of the Conciliar texts. There are two main principles governing the practice of such common worship: first, the bearing witness to the unity of the Church, and second, the sharing in the means of grace. The path of ecumenism is not a journey towards the unknown. 11; 14; Unitatis Redintegratio, n. 22). [35] Hence, through the celebration of the Holy Eucharist in each of these churches, the Church of God is built up and grows in stature[36] and through concelebration, their communion with one another is made manifest. No. 990; CONC. Quotes of Fr. but we can pray with non-Catholics in the sense of praying "in their presence.". Despite their different, often considerably differing stances, the reformers conceive of the Church as a creatura verbi whose point of departure is the Word of God24 and not the Eucharist. Catholics therefore are earnestly recommended to avail themselves of the spiritual riches of the Eastern Fathers which lift up the whole man to the contemplation of the divine. For many centuries the Church of the East and that of the West each followed their separate ways though linked in a brotherly union of faith and sacramental life; the Roman See by common consent acted as guide when disagreements arose between them over matters of faith or discipline. All however, though in different ways, long for the one visible Church of God, a Church truly universal and set forth into the world that the world may be converted to the Gospel and so be saved, to the glory of God. In formulating her identity, the Catholic Church establishes a dialogical relationship with these Churches and Ecclesial Communities. Unitatis Redintegratio, n. 23). It must however be admitted that in these Churches and ecclesial Communities there exist important differences from the Catholic Church, not only of an historical, sociological, psychological and cultural character, but especially in the interpretation of revealed truth. W. Kasper (ed. Unitatis Redintegratio, n. 22). For almost everyone regards the body in which he has heard the Gospel as his Church and indeed, God's Church. [10] Cf. VATICANUM 1, Sess. We now turn our attention to the two chief types of division as they affect the seamless robe of Christ. Copyright 2023 Famous Quotes & Sayings. Jn 16:13), revealing to us ceaselessly the Gospel that has been handed on to us once and for all, helping us to grow in our understanding of the truth revealed once and for all (cf. Originally, communio and communio sanctorum did not designate the communities of Christians, but their participation (participatio) in the goods of salvation, in the sancta, that is, in the sacramenta. gentle in the service of others, and to have an attitude of brotherly generosity towards them. Author: Phil Crosby. It is thus, under the action of the Holy Spirit, that Christ wills His people to increase, and He perfects His people's fellowship in unity: in their confessing the one faith, celebrating divine worship in common, and keeping the fraternal harmony of the family of God. For it is only through Christ's Catholic Church, which is the all-embracing means of salvation, that they can benefit fully from the means of salvation. Lumen Gentium, n. 7), gives the unity and diversity of gifts and ministries (cf. Ecumenism under the banner of the ecclesiology of communion. For the Church must bear in her own body the humility and dying of Jesus,[25] against the day when Christ will present her to Himself in all her glory without spot or wrinkle.[26]. She journeys on to fully achieve her nature in life. Mhler and J.H. They contemplate in the Scriptures the life of Christ and what the Divine Master taught and did for our salvation, especially the mysteries of His death and resurrection. Declaration of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, Mysterium Ecclesiae (1973), n. 1; also the Declaration Dominus Iesus (2000), n. 17. Unitatis Redintegratio reads: "plena communio" and "quaedam communio, et si non perfecta". In the ultimate analysis, ecumenism is an adventure of the Spirit. Moreover, in ecumenical dialogue, Catholic theologians standing fast by the teaching of the Church and investigating the divine mysteries with the separated brethren must proceed with love for the truth, with charity, and with humility. 18 J. Ratzinger, Die kumenische Situation Orthodoxie, Katholizismus und Reformation, in: Theologische Prinzipienlehre, Munich, 1982, 203-208. A SINGLE LETTER TO BE CHANGED. [10] Among their number He selected Peter, and after his confession of faith determined that on him He would build His Church. Their longing for union with Christ inspires them to seek an ever closer unity, and also to bear witness to their faith among the peoples of the earth. Free shipping for many products! Among those in which Catholic traditions and institutions in part continue to exist, the Anglican Communion occupies a special place. 4, 9; Col. 1, 18-20; Jn. Unity in the sense of full communio does not mean uniformity, but unity in diversity and diversity in unity. In this eschatological and spiritual perspective, the goal of ecumenism cannot be conceived of as a mere return of the others to the heart of the Catholic Church. Moreover, their form of worship sometimes displays notable features of the liturgy which they shared with us of old. The goal of this chapter is to capture some of these highlights and trace the post-conciliar legacy of Unitatis Redintegratio ( UR ), pointing to areas in which its teaching has been fruitfully received as well as calling attention to aspects of the document that still await full reception as we approach the five-hundredth anniversary of the It subsequently states with regard to the Orthodox Churches: "Through the celebration of the Eucharist of the Lord in each of these Churches, the Church of God is built up and grows in stature, and through concelebration, their communion with one another is made manifest" (Unitatis Redintegratio, n. 15). The attainment of union is the concern of the whole Church, faithful and shepherds alike. Therefore some worship in common (communicatio in sacris), given suitable circumstances and the approval of Church authority, is not only possible but to be encouraged. Carl Henegan, We can spend our whole lives underachieving." This is the licit kind of passive communion that Catholics and non-Catholics can share. . Tertio Millennio Adveniente, n. 18). This self-critical and penitential vision is the basis of the progress of the ecumenical movement (cf. It is because of this that the Council rests all its hope on the prayer of Christ for the Church, on our Father's love for us, and on the power of the Holy Spirit. To achieve this purpose, study is of necessity required, and this must be pursued with a sense of realism and good will. 8, 15; Unitatis Redintegratio, n. 3; Ut Unum Sint, nn. 6 Overview in Synopsis historica, edited by G. Alberigo-F. Magistretti, Bologna, 1975, 38; 439 ff. The crux of the problem in the relations between East and West is the issue of Petrine ministry (cf. The perfect observance of this traditional principle not always indeed carried out in practice, is one of the essential prerequisites for any restoration of unity. [13] Christ Jesus Himself was forever to remain the chief cornerstone[14] and shepherd of our souls.[15]. Etenim quicumque in Christo baptizati estis, Christum induistis. Everywhere large numbers have felt the impulse of this grace, and among our separated brethren also there increases from day to day the movement, fostered by the grace of the Holy Spirit, for the restoration of unity among all Christians. This is the way that, when the obstacles to perfect ecclesiastical communion have been gradually overcome, all Christians will at last, in a common celebration of the Eucharist, be gathered into the one and only Church in that unity which Christ bestowed on His Church from the beginning. But we rejoice to see that our separated brethren look to Christ as the source and center of Church unity. Vatican II's Decree on Ecumenism (Unitatis Redintegratio) was issued on November 21, 1964, the same day as the Dogmatic Constitution on the Church and the Decree on the Catholic Eastern Churches . The Declaration Dominus Iesus (cf. 3, 7, 11, 23, 26). As a spiritual movement, the ecumenical movement does not uproot Tradition. The words of St. John hold good about sins against unity: If we say we have not sinned, we make him a liar, and his word is not in us. This close identification of the Church of Jesus Christ with the Catholic Church is present, for example, in the Encyclicals Mystici Corporis (1943) and Humani Generis (1950).8, However, Mystici Corporis also recognizes that there are persons who, while they may not be baptized, belong to the Catholic Church because they so desire (cf. [32], In certain special circumstances, such as the prescribed prayers for unity, and during ecumenical gatherings, it is allowable, indeed desirable that Catholics should join in prayer with their separated brethren. F ORTY years ago, when the Council opened its sessions, the majority of the Fathers favoured a sound Catholic ecumenism, designed as a generous and charitable invitation addressed to Christians separated from Rome to come back to the fold, to reintegrate Catholic unity.. An echo of this zeal can be found at number 2 of the conciliar Decree Unitatis redintegratio: Everyone also knows with what great love the Christians of the East celebrate the sacred liturgy, especially the eucharistic celebration, source of the Church's life and pledge of future glory, in which the faithful, united with their bishop, have access to God the Father through the Son, the Word made flesh, Who suffered and has been glorified, and so, in the outpouring of the Holy Spirit, they enter into communion with the most holy Trinity, being made sharers of the divine nature. 5, 11, 24; Ut Unum Sint, nn. Unitatis Redintegratio, nn. All believers in Christ can, through this cooperation, be led to acquire a better knowledge and appreciation of one another, and so pave the way to Christian unity. Nevertheless, our separated brethren, whether considered as individuals or as Communities and Churches, are not blessed with that unity which Jesus Christ wished to bestow on all those who through Him were born again into one body, and with Him quickened to newness of life - that unity which the Holy Scriptures and the ancient Tradition of the Church proclaim. Mt. With this notion, present in the Bible and used in the early Church, the Council defines the deepest mystery of the Church, which is in the image of the Trinitarian communio as an icon of the Trinity (cf. Also to Peter He promised the keys of the kingdom of heaven,[11] and after His profession of love, entrusted all His sheep to him to be confirmed in faith[12] and shepherded in perfect unity. Is it ideal? Unitatis Redintegratiodraws out this implication explicitly, and attempts to describe what is meant by such imperfect communion. The Church, then, is God's only flock; it is like a standard lifted high for the nations to see it:[16] for it serves all mankind through the Gospel of peace[17] as it makes its pilgrim way in hope toward the goal of the fatherland above.[18]. The latter have recently come to the fore and have created problems within both the Ecclesial Communities of the Reformation and relations between them and the Catholic Church. Hey, Ocean Eyes," my father said. Today, in many parts of the world, under the inspiring grace of the Holy Spirit, many efforts are being made in prayer, word and action to attain that fullness of unity which Jesus Christ desires. It first appeared with Yves Congar as an extension of St Augustine's anti-Donatist attitude (cf. The Present and Future Situation of the Ecumenical Movement, in: Information Service n. 109, 2002/I-II, 11-20. For where two or three are gathered together in my name, there am I in the midst of them.[33]. As the Council says, the Ecclesial Communities born from the Reformation "have not preserved the proper reality of the Eucharistic mystery in its fullness especially because of the absence of the Sacrament of Orders" (Unitatis Redintegratio, n. 22). These are: first, every effort to avoid expressions, judgments and actions which do not represent the condition of our separated brethren with truth and fairness and so make mutual relations with them more difficult; then, dialogue between competent experts from different Churches and Communities. This Sacred Council is gratified to note that the participation by the Catholic faithful in ecumenical work is growing daily. This phrase suggests a quantitative, almost materialistic, dimension, as though it were possible to quantify or count all the elements, checking to see whether their numbers were complete. EC 251 came at last to the ecumenism of Benedict XVI in particular. 11, 18-19; Gal. Far from being an obstacle to the Church's unity, a certain diversity of customs and observances only adds to her splendor, and is of great help in carrying out her mission, as has already been stated. 2, Paderborn, 1986, 95-135. The Decree on Ecumenism shows us the way in the 21st century. This "ecclesiology of elements" was already criticized at the Conciliar debates and especially after the Council." From such dialogue will emerge still more clearly what the situation of the Catholic Church really is. The Decree started an irrevocable and irreversible process for which there is no realistic alternative. While invoking the Holy Spirit, they seek in these very Scriptures God as it were speaking to them in Christ, Whom the prophets foretold, Who is the Word of God made flesh for us. 15 Cf. This active faith has been responsible for many organizations for the relief of spiritual and material distress, the furtherance of the education of youth, the improvement of the social conditions of life, and the promotion of peace throughout the world. It's a model prison. Unitatis Redintegratio, n. 17).20 It therefore declared that "this entire heritage of spirituality and liturgy, of discipline and theology, in the various traditions, belongs to the full catholic and apostolic character of the Church" (Unitatis Redintegratio, n. 17).21. Whereas with the split between East and West the ecclesial structure that had developed basically since the second century remained the same, with the Communities born from the Reformation we face a different ecclesial type.18. Therefore, without minimizing the differences between the various Christian bodies, and without overlooking the bonds between them which exist in spite of divisions, this holy Council decides to propose the following considerations for prudent ecumenical action. 11, 29: PL 36, 299. The integration of ecumenical theology in the ecclesiology of communio makes it possible to distinguish two types of division in the Church: the schism between East and West, and the internal divisions in the Church of the West from the 16th century. Find many great new & used options and get the best deals for Ecumenism and Interreligious Dialogue: Unitatis Redintegratio, Nostra Aetate by at the best online prices at eBay! 17. Non-Catholic Christians are therefore not outside the one Church, but on the contrary, belong to it already in a rudimentary way (cf. Their ecumenical action must be fully and sincerely Catholic, that is to say, faithful to the truth which we have received from the apostles and Fathers of the Church, in harmony with the faith which the Catholic Church has always professed, and at the same time directed toward that fullness to which Our Lord wills His Body to grow in the course of time. For, according to Catholic belief, the authentic teaching authority of the Church has a special place in the interpretation and preaching of the written word of God. VI (1439), Definitio Laetentur caeli: Mansi 31 1026 E. Copyright 2018-2022, Vatican City State, Catholic Committee for Cultural Collaboration, Collaboration for the diffusion of the Bible, Directory for the Application of Principles and Norms on Ecumenism, The Ecumenical Dimension in the Formation of those Engaged in Pastoral Work, The Bishop and Christian Unity: An Ecumenical Vademecum, Suggestions for the organization of the Week of Prayer for Christian Unity, Commission for Religious Relations with the Jews (CRRJ), ILC (International Catholic-Jewish Liaison Committee), Dialogue between Commission for Religious Relations with the Jews and the Great Rabbinate of Israel. I often reflect upon with a reserved smile the Document has had unprecedented repercussions impact! On to fully achieve her nature in life Prinzipienlehre, Munich, 1982, 203-208 Sacred Council is to. All indeed profess to be followers of to note that the participation by the Catholic Church a! 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